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                    <text>Marie Brackenbury in prison, postcard 1908-9. Source: Kenney Papers, UEA Archive.(https://suffragettestories.omeka.net/items/show/134)</text>
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                    <text>Published cartoon sketch entitled ‘History Up To Date And More So’ by Marie Brackenbury. Source: Surrey History Centre ref 6536/221 www.exploringsurreyspast.org.uk</text>
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                    <text>The Brackenbury census evasion at 2 Campden Hill, 1911. Source: Courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Miss Brackenbury 'suffragettes information refused' so noted in red by the census enumerator along with the number of evaders present, 1911. Source: courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Georgina Brackenbury 1905-1914. Source &amp; copyright The Museum of London.</text>
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                    <text>WSPU leader Mrs. Emmeline Pankhurst painted by Georgina Brackenbury (commissioned 1927). Source &amp; copyright The National Portrait Gallery.</text>
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                    <text>Georgina Brackenbury's portrait of Viscount Dillon (1894) hangs in the National Portrait Gallery. Source &amp; copyright The National Portrait Gallery.</text>
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                    <text>The Brackenbury’s deeds for the cause were commemorated in a plaque made by suffrage campaigner Ernestine Mills commissioned by the Suffragette Fellowship in 1950. Source: The Museum of London online collections (plaque link copyright © V.I. Cockroft).</text>
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              <text>Georgina Agnes Brackenbury (1865-1949) and her sister Marie Venetia Caroline Brackenbury (1866-1945) were portrait and landscape painters respectively. They were born in Woolwich to an army general and his wife Hilda and were two of nine siblings. Both sisters trained at the Slade school of art circa 1888 to 1900 where they met several fellow students who were also became involved in the campaign for female suffrage. After leaving the Slade Georgina has some success portrait painting. For example, her portrait of Viscount Dillon (1894) hangs in the National Portrait Gallery and she exhibited a portrait of Lord de Mauley at the Royal Academy in 1904. The sisters rented studios in Chelsea (1896 in 56 Glebe Place) and Kensington (1911 2 Hillsleigh Road) but had the use of a huge studio located in their Kensington home from 1900 at 2 Campden Hill Square where they spent the duration of their involvement in the Women’s suffrage campaign alongside a country home in Peaslake, Surrey. In 1907 through 1908, both sisters subscribed to Mrs Millicent Fawcett’s law abiding NUWSS but also in 1907 joined Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst’s militant WSPU. Soon after in 1908, Marie contributed a cartoon to a January edition of the ‘Women’s Franchise’ which was also reproduced as a postcard and a leaflet. The cartoon entitled ‘History Up to Date and more so – by a suffragette pavement artist’ made a comical play on the nursery rhyme The House that Jack Built. That same month, the sisters held a WSPU meeting at their home studio at Campden Hill accommodating 200 women. Their shift towards militancy was rapid when they were arrested just a few weeks later on the 11th of February following their part in a daring raid on the House of Commons with suffragettes attempting to force entry. Both Georgina and Marie were sentenced to six weeks in prison. Undeterred, in June, the sisters chaired platforms at the WSPU demonstration in Hyde Park (21st June) and Georgina began travelling up and down the country speaking at meetings. In 1910, and after working with Annie Kenney, she took over from Mary Gawthorpe as an organiser in Manchester. In 1911, the Brackenbury home became a haven for suffragettes boycotting the government census survey that year hosting an 'evasion'. The message scrawled across the census form read ‘Miss Marie Brackenbury in charge takes this opportunity of registering her protest against the votelessness of the women of Great Britain by refusing to fill in this form’. The census official notes there was one man, and 25 women present at the Brackenbury evasion. The following year in 1912, Marie, Georgina, and their elderly mother Hilda were all imprisoned for two weeks for taking part in the WSPU window smashing campaign. During the most turbulent final years of the militant campaign, the Brackenbury home became known as ‘Mouse Castle’ for giving refuge to suffragettes temporarily released pending rearrest under the infamous Cat and Mouse Act (see our Glossary of terms under resources). In 1914, the Brackenbury home even became temporary WSPU headquarters after its central office was raided by police. In 1927, Georgina was commissioned to paint a portrait of Mrs Pankhurst (see image) and was a pall bearer at her funeral in 1928. In 1950, the Brackenbury’s deeds for the cause were commemorated in a plaque by Ernestine Mills commissioned by the Suffragette Fellowship. Contributed by Tara Morton (Warwick University) as part of the Mapping British Women Artists 1750-1950 project &amp; Research Group, which is affiliated with The British Art Network (led and supported by Tate and the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, with public funding provided by the National Lottery through Arts Council England.</text>
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                    <text>Gertrude Howey, 1908. Source:  Museum of London, ID. 53.140/144.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Gertrude Howey (1853-1942) was the mother of Mary and Elsie Howey, and was herself a suffragette. She lent a caravan to the WSPU for their summer tour in 1909, and spoke at meetings in Cornwall and elsewhere. She contributed to and ran one of the stalls at the WSPU Bazaar in spring 1909. Gertrude evaded the government census in 1911, but is noted on the summary sheet (see image). Mary Howey, her daughter, completed the form but resisted with a 'Votes for Women' slogan. Contributed by Herefordshire community fundraiser Clare Wichbold, MBE. See also Elizabeth Crawford, The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 1866-1928 (Routledge).</text>
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              <text>Gladys Macan was present at several CUWFA meetings throughout 1911, mostly attending with her husband retired Colonel Thomas Macan. The CUWFA formed in 1908 to work peacefully and constitutionally for ‘the removal of the sex disqualification from the franchise’ by bringing Conservative and Unionist’s together. It is not possible from the census to pinpoint exactly which residence in Walton Wood the Macan's occupied.</text>
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                    <text>Arrest of Grace Roe featured in the Daily Mirror, 1914. Source: Museum of London collections.</text>
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                    <text>Grace Roe was not present at her lodgings in Ipswich when the census was taken and so was probably evading as part of the suffragette boycott. Source: The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Grace Roe was born into a prosperous Anglo-Irish family in London in 1885. Her mother died when she was twelve and she was sent to Beadles boarding school. She became a vegetarian in her teens and remained one throughout her life. Grace was captivated by WSPU leader Emmeline Pankhurst’s daughter, Christabel Pankhurst, when she heard her speak in Hyde Park on 21 June 1908. She remembered thinking, “That’s the woman I’m going to follow.” She joined the movement a few months later and became one of Christabel’s most trusted confidants. Her first arrest came during the Great Deputation to the House of Commons on 29 June 1909, but she wasn't prosecuted. In 1910, she became the WSPU’s first organiser in East Anglia based in Ipswich and built up the membership with a series of headline speakers, including Christabel Pankhurst, Emmeline Pankhurst and Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence. Grace likely took part in the suffragette boycott of the government’s 1911 census survey as she is not recorded at the address in Ipswich where she was boarding with a family of printers (see census image) and is not recorded anywhere else. In September 1912, Christabel Pankhurst sent Grace to Dublin to secure the release of suffragettes Mary Leigh and Gladys Evans, who were on hunger strike after being imprisoned for attempting to set fire to a Dublin theatre. Following her success in Dublin, she took charge of the WSPU campaign during the Bromley and Bow by-election when George Lansbury stood unsuccessfully as a woman's suffrage candidate. Sylvia Pankhurst criticised Grace’s approach to the by-election, especially her decision not to give over control of WSPU resources to the Labour Party. In January 1913, Grace Roe became deputy to Annie Kenney, who had been appointed the WSPU’s Chief Organiser after Christabel Pankhurst went into exile in France in March 1912. When Annie Kenney was arrested on 8 April 1913 on charges of conspiracy to commit arson, Grace took over as Chief Organiser. She was wanted by the police but managed to evade arrest during the police raid on WSPU headquarters on 30 April 1913. She made sure the WSPU weekly paper, by then named The Suffragette, still appeared that week with the front cover announcing, “Raided”. She lived in hiding for the next year, often dressing as a chorus girl to avoid capture, during which time she oversaw the conduct of the arson campaign and protests against the Cat &amp; Mouse Act (see our Suffrage Glossary). She helped organise Emily Wilding Davison’s funeral in June 1913, which was regarded as a propaganda triumph and established The Bodyguard to provide security at rallies, protect the leadership from arrest and help suffragettes to escape. On 23 May 1914, Grace Roe was arrested. She went on hunger strike and was forcibly fed. Grace was still in prison when Britain declared war on Germany that year. She was released under a government amnesty for suffragettes and played an active part in promoting women’s employment in industry as part of the war effort, also criticising labour unrest. After the war, she lived for a time with Annie Kenney before settling in America with Christabel Pankhurst. They went their separate ways in 1925 but remained close. Grace was Christabel Pankhurst’s executor and arranged for her memoir to be published after Christabel died. In an interview in 1974, she said that “Christabel was the apple of my eye.” Key sources: Interview with Antonia Raeburn for the BBC, see: https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/womans-hour-grace-roe/z7vcnrd; Interview with Brian Harrison, held by the Women's Library at LSE; Antonia Raeburn, 'Militant Suffragettes'; Elizabeth Crawford, 'The Women's Suffragette Movement'; Annie Kenney, 'Memories of a Militant'; Andrew Rosen, 'Rise Up Women!'; Christabel Pankhurst, 'Unshackled: the Story of how we Won the Vote'; Sylvia Pankhurst, 'The Suffragette Movement' Votes for Women, 20 September 1912 (re Dublin). Contributed by: Writer, Hilary McCollum.</text>
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                    <text>Tollemache House, Bailbrook Lane, Bath.  Source: photo from Google maps.</text>
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                    <text>Bath Chronicle &amp; Weekly Gazette, 20 April 1911.</text>
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              <text>Grace Tollemache, born in Rangoon, Burma, was the daughter of Reverend Clement Reginald Tollemache and Frances Josephine Simpson. Her great grandfather was nobleman Lord Huntingtower. Grace, alongside her sister Aethel, were friends and near neighbours with Mary Blathwayt and similarly became active suffrage workers. Grace joined the WSPU in 1910, a couple of years after her sister. In 1911, Grace evaded the census with a group of protesting suffragettes in an empty house in Lansdowne Crescent, Bath. Alongside her sister, who was playing the piano, Grace played violin to entertain her fellow suffragettes evading the census that night. Later that month, Grace used her musical abilities once again at the ‘Suffrage Social Gathering in Grove Street’. Alongside her sister, they arranged the programme and sang together in a trio with Miss Johnston. Grace also played two violin solos and was cast in the play as ‘Molly’. In March 1912, Grace Tollemache joined the WSPU’s window-smashing campaign and was sentenced to two months of hard labour. During this time Grace was sent oranges and dates from Mary Blathwayt and was visited by Mrs Kineton Parkes of the Tax Resistance League. In the same year, she provided a comment representing the Bath Suffragists’ views on The Reform Bill to the newspaper the Bath Chronicle. Aethel and Grace often protested cabinet minister meetings, including one in Trowbridge, in which they disguised themselves as "market women". From 1913, when Blathwayt stepped back, Aethel and Grace took over as providers of hospitality and organising for visiting WSPU speakers to Bath. Grace, specifically, became secretary of the Bath branch. In 1913, she protested the sale of her mother’s silver, which was seized by tax officials and sold as recompense when the Tollemache’s engaged in the ‘No Vote, No Tax’ strategy popular among many suffrage campaigners. The silver was purchased by Miss Bruere, a fellow suffrage activist, who duly returned them to Frances Tollemache. In 1914 the sisters were arrested outside Buckingham Palace after taking part in the deputation to the King on the 22nd of May. Grace received lighter punishment than her sister, only receiving a sentence of one day’s imprisonment. With this light punishment, Grace and another suffragette smashed a window at Buckingham Palace during a banquet. The King did not press charges. In July 1914, with her sister, Grace organised a garden party at which Annie Williams spoke. In 1914, the sisters committed to doing their part to support the war effort by ploughing their own field for crops. In the 1930's the Tollemache's turned part of The Villa into a hostel for hikers and in 1934, provided lunch to a group of Welsh hunger marchers who were protesting against unemployment. They also offered their home for Labour Party meetings and continued their musical pursuits in and around Bath. Grace Tollemache passed away in 1952. Sources: J Liddington, Vanishing for the Vote (Manchester, 2014); &#13;
E Crawford, The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide (London 1999); Lucienne Boyce, "Madder than ever": The Tollemache Family of Batheaston. Contributed by Jack Thompson, undergraduate researcher in history, University of Warwick.  &#13;
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                    <text>Greta takes to task false allegations diminishing suffrage activity in Lewes. Source: Sussex Agricultural Express, 29 March, 1912, p. 2.</text>
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              <text>Born in 1869 in India of Irish parents, Greta Allen, a member of the Irish Women’s Franchise League, lived at 15 Southover High Street, Lewes and became a paid organiser of the WSPU in Brighton. As an authority on public health, she had been lecturing in Ireland and in England since the early 1890s, and was in the Lewes area by 1908. By 1910, Greta was speaking at Brighton and Hove WSPU meetings and was arrested with WSPU treasurer Beatrice Sanders outside Nos.10 and 11 Downing Street in November that year. Greta’s one-month prison sentence for willful damage qualified her in January 1912, to wear prison uniform to the annual Fancy Dress Ball held by the Mayor of Lewes, and, at the British Medical Association Conference on crime and punishment in Brighton in July 1913, to describe the prison conditions endured by suffragettes. &#13;
&#13;
Greta took over as WSPU organiser in Brighton after the death of Mary Clarke on Christmas Day 1910, and at a meeting at the YMCA hall on the Steine in April 1911, she advocated the WSPU policy of evading the Government’s 1911 Census as the only dignified attitude for women who, without the vote, were classed with lunatics and imbeciles. Beyond Brighton, she addressed meetings across the south from Plymouth to Hastings, and in September 1912 spoke at Phoenix Park, Dublin with the WSPU’s ‘General’ Flora Drummond. &#13;
In June 1913, Greta required police rescue when her attempt to rally local support for Beatrice Sanders, then briefly imprisoned in Lewes, met with dangerously aggressive opposition. Later that summer, she was the WSPU ‘English Riviera organiser’, sending her reports to the WSPU newspaper Suffragette from Torquay. When she resigned as WSPU organiser in Brighton at the end of 1913, it was to resume work as a health lecturer in Sussex until at least 1916. Contributed by Dr. Diana Wilkins, freelance art historian and curator. For more see Frances Stenlake ' The Lady Fired Splendidly: Lewes and the Women's Suffrage Campaign' Sussex Archaeological Collections 152 (2014) 139-152.  Available for free via https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/&#13;
&#13;
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                    <text>Source: Windows on Warwickshire, Heritage and Culture, WCC.</text>
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              <text>Schoolmaster Mr Guernsey Webb was present at a number of CUWFA meetings in 1911.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The Courier, 22 Nov, 1911.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The Midland Daily Telegraph, Dec, 1911.</text>
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                    <text>Source: Hannah's entry in the Suffragettes Arrested Index 1906-1914, HO, The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Mrs Hannah Hayward became something of a local celebrity when she was arrested in London in 1911 as part of a planned WSPU rush on the House of Commons. The WSPU organised the demonstration in reaction to the government's pronounced intention to give more votes to men while refusing to include votes for women on any terms. This was contrary to a number of prior promises the government had made. The attempts by suffragettes to rush the House was described as a 'battle' during which 223 women from across the country, including Hannah, were arrested by police. She was taken to London's Bow Street station where she was charged and fined 5s. which she refused to pay. Consequently, Hannah was sentenced to 5 days in Holloway prison for her part in the event. Hannah was a working class woman, married with two children. Her husband was a driller for a motor company and the family lived in a traditional 'two up, two down' terraced house. Therefore, taking part in militant activities for the WSPU and incurring fines and/or imprisonment was a huge risk for Hannah and her family. When she returned home to Coventry, a reception was held in her honour by (see) Percy Widdrington at St Peter's vicarage at which she was lauded for her bravery and where she described her actions and aims in taking part in the rush. She described how at first 'she was alone outside the crowd...but something told her not to play the coward and so she made her way into the middle'. At some point in the melee, she clung onto a policeman's belt saying 'I am not going to be pushed into the crowd. If I go, you go with me'. The police officer arrested her and took her to the station. She claimed he treated her quite well - after she fed him some chocolate! Hannah was grateful to suffragette prisoners who had gone before her (which included fellow Coventry campaigner (see) Alice Lea) for the basic prison rights they had won for women. This she said, made her time there easier and declared that 'women intended to cry day and night unto God until some of the evils were removed' to which winning the vote itself was integral. There is no evidence so far, to suggest that Hannah took part in further suffragette activities. Perhaps her prison experience or the worry it caused her family deterred her from such action again. Researcher: Tara Morton. Coventry research funded by Warwick University.</text>
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