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                    <text>Dr. Mary Charlotte Murdoch. Source: https://www.carnegiehull.co.uk/hull-firsts/dr-mary-murdoch.php</text>
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                    <text> Dr. Mary Charlotte Murdoch. Source: Hull History Centre.</text>
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                    <text>Mary's 1911 census form. Source: courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Recent photograph of Mary Murdoch's address at 102 Beverly Road, Hull, now offices. Source: https://www.hull-humber-chamber.co.uk</text>
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                    <text>Commemorative plaque dedicated to Dr Mary Murdoch, located on her former home in Beverley Road. Source: photograph by Yvonne Inall for the Remember Me project, Hull, at https://remembermeproject.wordpress.com/2017/04/05/dr-mary-murdoch-1864-1916-a-woman-doctor-of-hull/</text>
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              <text>Mary Charlotte Murdoch was born in Elgin in 1864, daughter of Jane and solicitor William Murdoch and was the youngest of six children. She started her education in Elgin before attending Manor Mount Girls' Collegiate School at Forest Hill in south London, before moving to Lausanne in Switzerland. She returned to Elgin in 1883 and, after her mother's death, she attended the London School of Medicine for Women in 1888. It was during her studies in London, that she started attending meetings about the women’s suffrage cause. Mary finished her qualifications in Scotland in 1892 and completed a midwifery course at the Maternity Hospital in Brighton. Her first professional experiences were in London as clinical assistant under Helen Webb in the New Hospital for Women and under Helen Mackenzie's outpatient department at Brompton Hospital. In 1893, Mary was appointed house-surgeon at the Victoria Hospital for Children in Hull; in 1895 she became assistant medical officer at the Tottenham Fever Hospital, where she gained experience with infectious diseases; and in 1896 she returned to Hull and became the first woman to practice medicine there. Eventually, Mary set up a private practice in Hull, bringing suffragist Louisa Martindale into the partnership in 1900, and she was also appointed honorary assistant physician to the Victoria Hospital for Children becoming in 1910 , honorary senior physician. She had been a member of the British Medical Association since 1894; took an active role in the Association of Registered Medical Women; and as a lecturer at the London School of Medicine for Women. Mary Murdoch was well-known and respected  as a good diagnostician, and researcher of pericarditis as well as vaccine treatments. In addition, Mary had not forgotten those early suffrage meetings and became a very active public speaker for the cause of women’s suffrage; fearless despite the risk to her professional reputation. In 1904, she founded and chaired the Hull Women’s Suffrage Society, affiliated to the NUWSS. However, after the NUWSS publicly rejected militant tactics in 1909, Mary resigned and joined the WSPU instead, although she remained critical of its autocratic structure and the progression of more violent militancy. Despite her departure from the NUWSS, Mary continued as one of its leader, Millicent Fawcett’s, close friends. In 1911, she even represented her at the meeting of the International Council of Women (ICW) held in Stockholm and in 1913 at the meeting of the standing committee of the ICW at the Hague. She complied with the 1911 census, despite belonging to the WSPU who encouraged its boycott. It is not clear what informed her decision, but perhaps as a clinician, she recognised the potential value of gathering census population statistics on issues relating to health and social conditions such as infant mortality rates, to argue for reform. Sadly, Mary Murdoch died at home in 1916, following a short illness after attending an emergency call in difficult, snowy conditions.' Sources: K. Cockin (2005) entry - Murdoch, Mary Charlotte (1864–1916), physician and suffragist, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography;&#13;
Elizabeth Crawford (1999) The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928 (London: Routledge); Jill Liddington (2014) Vanishing for the Vote: Suffrage, Citizenship and the Battle for the Census, (Manchester: Manchester Uni Press). Contributed by Oihane Etayo (Warwick University).</text>
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                    <text>Mary Phillips. Source: https://womanandhersphere.com/tag/mary-phillips/</text>
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                    <text>Mary Phillips 1909. Source: wikipedia (Blathwayt, Col Linley.jpg)</text>
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              <text>Mary Elizabeth Phillips (1880-1969) was daughter to a doctor who worked in Glasgow and encouraged her to join the suffrage campaign. In 1904-1905, she worked as a paid organizer for the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women’s Suffrage, resigning in 1907 as organizing secretary to join the WSPU because of the failure of ‘constitutional agitation’. As a socialist, she also wrote regularly for the Scots Weekly Journal for ‘socialism, trade unionism, and democratic thought’. In March 1908, Mary took part in the ‘pantechnicon’ raid on parliament and was later arrested taking part in a deputation in June. She was sentenced to three months in prison, and on her release was greeted with much fanfare by WSPU members, accompanied by pipers. She subsequently became a paid organizer for the WSPU travelling wherever she was needed the length and breadth of the country, from Cornwall to Scotland. Mary was arrested again in Exeter in 1909 after interrupting a meeting held by Lord Carrington and was imprisoned for seven days by the local magistrate as a third class or criminal category prisoner. She was released after three days following a hunger strike in protest at the failure to recognise her as a political prisoner. WSPU leader Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst wrote to her shortly afterwards: ‘As for you my dear girl, take great care of yourself and do everything in your power to recover your health and strength’. Mary was awarded the WSPU hunger strike medal. For next three years she was based in and worked as organizer for campaigns in the north of England. There she led a suffragette evasion of the government’s 1911 census survey in Bradford at the WSPU shop at 68 Manningham Lane (position on map approximate) where she was based. She harboured about ten evading suffragettes and two reporters who were able to speak to Mary that night, were told the women were ‘having a fine time’. The census schedule said ‘No Vote, No Census’. Mary herself wrote a lengthy justification for the protest: ‘Posterity will know how to judge this government if it persists in bringing about the falsification of national statistics instead of acting on its own principle &amp; making itself truly representative of the people’. The census enumerator guessed the number of women evading with Mary, writing ‘I am unable to obtain more definite information’ adding ‘this is a lock up shop with no sleeping accommodation’. In July 1912, Mary was arrested outside the town hall in Chester attempting to ‘flour’ the Prime Minister though she was unsuccessful. Her fine was paid without her consent, and so she was released. That year she spent time in Falmouth with her father following the death of her mother, where she received a sympathy letter from Christabel Pankhurst which also spoke of suffrage matters. Despite Mary’s service for the WSPU including her imprisonments, the letter was curt in tone and suggested WSPU comrades had called into question Mary’s capabilities as an organizer. This may reveal increasing tensions among WSPU members over the direction of the campaign as Mary promptly joined and began working instead for Sylvia Pankhurst’s break away organisation the East End London Federation of Suffragettes which was rooted in working class communities and socialist in orientation. In 1916, she joined the United Suffragists working as a London organizer and subsequently belonged to several woman and children centred organisations including the Women’s International League and Save the Children Fund. Sources: Elizabeth Crawford, The Women’s Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 1866-1928 (Routledge, London); Jill Liddington, Vanishing for the Vote: Suffrage, Citizenship, and the Battle for the Census (Manchester Uni Press, Manchester); Votes for Women; The Lakes Herald.</text>
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              <text>Born in 1856 in Hertfordshire Mary was one of at least 6 children of Thomas Postlethwaite, a farmer and later slate merchant, and his wife also named Mary. Both Mary and her sisters set their mind to becoming artists and in 1880, Mary became a student at Derby School of Art (Derby was her mother’s hometown). By 1886, the sisters moved to London with their now retired parents and in 1890, Mary attended the Royal Academy Schools where she won first prize for her painting of a draped figure. She is known for her still life paintings, but these are very rarely found, and none appear to hang in any public collection. Her pathway into the women’s suffrage movement is unclear, but by 1908 she was helping to organise the artists section of the WSPU Women’s Sunday Procession to Hyde Park on the 21st of June 1908 and was a member of the WSPU Kensington branch. She was selected as part of a deputation to take a resolution to the House of Commons demanding an immediate measure to grant votes for women. In the ensuing scuffles, she was arrested with 29 other women, charged with obstruction, and sentenced to four weeks imprisonment. In 1911, she followed the census boycott as a member of the WSPU, writing on her census form ‘Didn’t count at the general election, so won’t be counted now’. There is no direct mention that she was involved in sewing banners or painting them for the cause, but it seems highly likely she did given the hub of artists at work in Kensington, many linked with the WSPU branch there. By 1913, she was Honorary Secretary of the Kensington branch and its was that year that her only known artistic contribution was made when she chalked pictures on pavements to raise funds for self-denial week. She resigned her position with the branch in 1913 when ruptures began to appear over the Kensington branch work with Sylvia Pankhurst in the East End of London, possibly because of the East End branch connections to socialist organisations and the tensions this caused with WSPU headquarters, later leading to Sylvia’s break with her mother and sister. In 1915, Mary became Honorary Secretary of the Kensington branch of the United Suffragists. Source: Elizabeth Crawford, Art and Suffrage: A Biographical Dictionary of Suffrage Artists (London, 2018).</text>
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                    <text>Mary is on the right with her sister Anna Maria on the left and Margaret Tanner standing . Source and credit: Thanks to Andrew Gillett Trust https://alfredgilletttrust.org/</text>
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              <text>Mary was born in 1830 in Newcastle. Her mother, Rachel Bragg, was a prominent anti-slavery agitator. Alongside her sister, Anna Maria, she signed the 1866 suffrage petition. Mary moved to Bristol with her sister in 1870, where they both lived at 37 Durdham Park until their deaths. Mary engaged in Tax non-payment alongside Anna Maria, where their dining chairs were removed to pay the tax until someone anonymously paid the fine, and their chairs were returned. Mary followed her older sister’s activism, being a member of the executive committee of the Women’s Liberal Federation in Bristol in 1898. She also became a member of the executive committee for the Union of Practical Suffragists, set up by her sister Anna Maria in 1896. Mary joined the WSPU alongside Anna Maria in 1907, with them jointly contributing £25 in 1908 and a further £10 in September and October 1909. She contributed to the election expenses of George Lansbury, a suffrage candidate supported by Christabel Pankhurst. She complied with the 1911 census alongside Anna Maria as by this time, like her sister, had instead become a member of the peaceful NUWSS. Due to her Quaker beliefs, Mary was a pacifist who was deeply concerned by the Boer War at its outbreak in 1899.  Mary died within 5 days of her older sister Anna Maria in October 1914, and it has been inferred they were heartbroken at the looming prospect of the Great War and one the loss of the other. Sources: Crawford, Elizabeth, The Women’s Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 18661928 (London, 1999); Liddington, Jill, Vanishing for the Vote: Suffrage, Citizenship and the Battle for the Census (Manchester 2014). Contributed by Becca Aspden, URSS student researcher, History Dept., Warwick University. </text>
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              <text>Mary was the daughter of Henry Scampton, a former Mayor of Coventry and well known member of it's city council. She was a teacher and founded with her sisters a private school in Hill Street. She also sat on Coventry's Education Committee from 1903 to 1930 as well as working as an almoner for Spencer's Pensions - a pension charity for women. Mary joined the law abiding Coventry Women's Suffrage Society (affiliated to the NUWSS) and by 1914 had become its Vice president. Active in politics broadly, in 1917, she also became Honorary secretary of the newly founded Coventry branch of the National Union of Women Workers, and in 1920 was appointed a Justice of the Peace. Mary worked hard for local charities in Coventry mostly those related to girls welfare in the city and for educational charities like Soothern and Craner. She retired in 1930 and moved to Brighton with her sister Emma. Sadly, she died there the following year aged 73. Researcher: Tara Morton. Coventry research funded by Warwick University.</text>
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              <text>Mary Spooner was the second of ten children of an interesting family. A sister, Kate Lee, a founder member of the English Folk Song Society, recorded the Sussex folk singing family, the Coppers, as early as the 1890s. Mary first came to notice as a suffrage campaigner in Sussex in 1909 with ‘an eloquent speech’ at the Cuckfield Debating Society. This had been formed earlier that year with, on its committee, Edith Bevan and Edith Payne, who shortly afterwards founded the Cuckfield Women’s Suffrage Society. Mary was a practised and accomplished speaker: as secretary of the Southern Section of Women’s Co-operative Guilds, she had spent almost 20 years addressing meetings in London and the South-East that resulted in the formation of local branches of the WCG. Mary had subscribed to both the London Women’s Suffrage Society and the Women’s Freedom League (WFL) but having taken up residence in Haywards Heath with her mother and sister Edith, she contributed her skills to the fledgling Cuckfield Women’s Suffrage Society, launching its series of monthly ‘At Homes’ in Cuckfield’s Queen’s Hall with ‘a capital address’. In early 1910 she chaired a meeting at the Co-op Hall in Haywards Heath to form a Haywards Heath NUWSS branch, becoming its secretary then chair. Also, in 1910, Mary succeeded the Dowager Countess of Chichester as the only woman on the Haywards Heath Board of Council School Managers, and, despite, as she said ‘being a comparative stranger in the Parish’, joined Edith Payne on the Haywards Heath Board of Poor Law Guardians replacing the only other woman Guardian who was resigning. Throughout 1910 and 1911 Mary continued to speak at meetings to do with forming local NUWSS branches. At Horsted Keynes she spoke on one occasion with Louisa Martindale and Marie and Charles Corbett; and on a second with Brighton’s Flora de Gaudrion Merrifield. With the Surrey, Sussex and Hamps NUWSS Federation organiser, Barbara Duncan, she held a successful meeting to form a Burgess Hill branch and spoke at Lindfield with Lady Betty Balfour in the hope of establishing a branch there. With Rose Chute Ellis, she addressed the first public women’s suffrage meeting in Danehill. On Monday 21 July 1913, Mary was among supporters waiting at Muster Green, Haywards Heath, to join the Suffrage Pilgrims marching up from Burgess Hill to Cuckfield, and she set off with them from Cuckfield the following morning. She was at the Hyde Park rally at the end of that week with Edith Bevan, Edith Payne, Rose Chute Ellis, Susan Armitage, Flora de Gaudrion Merrifield, and Alys Russell. During the War, Mary continued to demonstrate her abilities as an organiser. She and Kate Miller, whose husband Douglas had photographed the Suffrage Pilgrims, were Haywards Heath contacts for the NUWSS appeal for women forage workers. Mary worked with Rose Chute Ellis and others to inaugurate the Cuckfield Children’s Welfare Society, an Infant Welfare Centre and a Haywards Heath Council of Social Welfare and she chaired the committee of the Haywards Heath War Work Guild. Sources: Queen Co-operative News, Woman’s Signal London, Home Counties local weekly newspapers, Women’s Franchise, Common Cause, Mid Sussex Times, West Sussex County Times, Bognor Regis Observer, Kent, and Sussex Courier. Contributed by independent researcher &amp; writer Frances Stenlake.</text>
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              <text>Mary and Arthur Taylor were pioneer members of the early labour movement in Halifax. As a member of the engineers’ union, he was victimized, lost his job  ~ and then was elected a Labour councillor. Mary was a key member of the Women’s Labour League and was elected a Poor Law Guardian. They had lived in the terraced suburbs of Pellon Lane, birthplace of Halifax’s nest of suffragettes. They had one daughter, Hilda, who as a teenager somehow managed to stay on at school. &#13;
&#13;
In 1905, the Taylors moved out of smoky Halifax to more rural Skircoat Green, and into a larger house ~ with six rooms. At New Year 1907, when the Halifax WSPU branch was formed, Mary was undoubtedly a moving spirit; and she was among the 22 Halifax women who signed the ILP Manifesto to the WSPU. Then in February 1907, Mary went down to London to take part in the WSPU’s Women’s Parliament, was arrested ~ and was sentenced to 14 days in prison. &#13;
&#13;
In 1911, when Emmeline Pankhurst came to address a crowded meeting in the Halifax Mechanics’ Institute on 30 March, Mary was undoubtedly present: her husband, Councillor Arthur Taylor, proposed the resolution supporting the Conciliation Bill. Certainly, for the census boycott three days later, we can be absolutely sure that Mary was an evader.&#13;
&#13;
Both Mary and Arthur Taylor were appointed magistrates. Alderman Arthur Taylor JP died in Dec 1923, and Mary Taylor JP in April 1934, aged 70. &#13;
&#13;
For more see, Liddington, Rebel Girls: their fight for the vote, 2006.&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>Daughter of Alice and Benjamin Dowson, Alice Maud known as Maud Dowson, was very active in suffrage and social work. She stayed living at home with her parents and she particularly helped look after her sister Hester’s children as recorded in 'What Grandmother said' by Alix Meynell one of Hester’s children. On the 1911 census, Maud's occupation is given as 'Suffragist worker' though it is not clear whether this was a paid position. On her death probate went to Bernard Withers Dowson and Alexander Dowson her brothers and the value of her estate was £15,161.7.4. Her ashes are scattered at the family home at Upper Broughton. Researched and contributed by Nottingham Women's History group www.nottinghamwomenshistory.org.uk. Sources: Dame Alix Meynell ''What Grandmother Said': Life of Alice Dowson, 1844-1227' (1998); No Surrender! Women's Suffrage in Nottinghamshire, Rowena Edlin-White (Ed.) Nottingham Women's History Group ISBN:978-1-900074-31-</text>
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              <text>Maud Gertrude was born in 1888, the daughter of Dominic and Mary Clara Dilger immigrants from Baden, Germany. An occupation for her is not listed on the 1911 census. Maud along with her sisters joined the Wolverhampton branch of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies, collected subscriptions and delivered society notices on the Tettenhall Road. Whether she was the 'Miss Dilger' who wrote a 1914 play for the suffrage society to raise funds (see Lucy Dilger for full account) is not clear. However, we do know that Maud married Cecil H. Wood in Conway in 1920, and they had a son, Dennis J. C. Wood, born in Wolverhampton in 1923. Maud died in Wandsworth in 1966. Contributed by Heidi McIntosh, Senior Archivist, Wolverhampton Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Lady Maud Parry, 27 Feb 1920 by Bassano Ltd. Source: The National Portrait Gallery, London.</text>
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              <text>Lady Maud Parry appears on the 1911 Census at the Gloucestershire family home of her husband, composer Sir Hubert Parry. The couple’s own home was Knightscroft, Rustington, near Littlehampton, close to the home of Agnes and Rhoda Garrett, sister, and cousin respectively of Millicent Garrett Fawcett. In December 1909, Maud chaired a Gloucester Women’s Suffrage Society meeting; speakers included her husband, Millicent Garrett Fawcett, and Alys Russell. In 1910 she became President of the new Littlehampton Women’s Suffrage Society, and, in 1911, of the Brighton and Hove Women’s Franchise Society (BHWFS). In 1911, Maud chaired two meetings in support of the Conciliation Bill then before Parliament: in May at St James Hall, Worthing, where speakers included Lady Betty Balfour, Marie Corbett, and Israel Zangwill, and in September at Rustington House. In February 1912, the Parrys were ‘among the distinguished men and women’ on the platform at the Albert Hall mass meeting addressed by Millicent Garrett Fawcett and Lloyd George. Tiny by comparison but described as ‘breaking new ground’ was the meeting Maud chaired at Arundel in June, addressed by Alys Russell, Sir Harry Johnston of nearby Poling, and Cicely Corbett. Maud was on the platform at a BHWFS demonstration in November 1912 attended by representatives of the 49 branches of the Surrey, Sussex, and Hampshire Federation, and from the National Union of Women Workers, the Trades Council, the Women’s Local Government Association, the Independent Labour Party, and the British Women’s Temperance Association. In 1912, she was among over 400 signatories of a letter to the Press, MPs, and the committee representing the West End businesses vandalised by militant suffragettes, deploring such lawless action, but urging the committee to pursue the redressing of the militants’ grievances rather than demand punitive legislation. Meanwhile, her husband joined GB Shaw, George Lansbury, Lord Lytton, Granville-Barker, Sir Arthur Pinero, Israel Zangwill, and other well-known men, in contributing to the Pall Mall Magazine their arguments in favour of women’s suffrage. On 19 July 1913 Maud led the Littlehampton contingent of Suffrage Pilgrims from Littlehampton Station to Rustington. Here they were joined by Sir Hubert Parry, before ‘entraining’ to Brighton where the Parrys were to head the procession of over 100 Pilgrims northwards on the Monday morning. In October 1913 Maud, Alys Russell and Florence de Fonblanque, participated in meetings held during a Suffrage march from Cosham to a Church Congress in Southampton. In November, these three women spoke at a meeting in Littlehampton chaired by Sir Harry Johnston. In February 1914 Maud was on the platform at a Lewes Women’s Suffrage Society meeting; in April she spoke at a BHWFS meeting; and in June she chaired a suffrage meeting hosted by Miss Holland at 1a Holland Walk, South Kensington. At the outbreak of War, the Parrys, helped by Alys Russell, held a meeting at Knightscroft to discuss how women could help the war effort. Towards the end of the War, Sir Hubert Parry’s setting of William Blake’s Jerusalem was to become the celebratory ‘voters’ hymn’. Sources: Common Cause, Bognor Regis Observer, Brighton Gazette, Littlehampton Gazette, Sussex Advertiser, Sussex Express, West Sussex Gazette. Contributed by Frances Stenlake, independent writer and researcher.</text>
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