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              <text>Mary Julia Bull was Secretary of the Leamington branch of the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU). The branch seems to have loosely formed in 1910, but ceased to exist some time in 1913 and was largely supported from Birmingham. Mary was an assistant teacher and lived in Ashton House, George Street, Leamington, with her parents Ellen (55) and Ralph (59) a physician and surgeon. Her similarly unmarried sisters were also resident there in 1911: her elder sister Jane (25) and younger sister Isabel (22) also an assistant teacher. Mary seems to have been the flag-bearer for the WSPU in Leamington and presented a bouquet of flowers to its leader Mrs Pankhurst when she gave a talk at the town hall in 1909. It is not clear whether Mary’s sisters were also fully fledged WSPU members, though this is possible. At least one or two of them attended suffrage fetes and meetings with her, where they are generally referred to as the ’Misses Bull’. Certainly, all three 'Misses Bull’ traveled down to London to take part in the Women’s Coronation Procession in June 1911. The procession was organised by suffrage societies to rival the official Coronation procession of George V from which women were excluded. Approximately 40,000 women from around 40 women’s suffrage societies participated, and the procession was seven miles long. The Bull House in George Street, directly adjoins the Leamington Spa Mission building; a former Roman Catholic church built in 1820 with an impressive colonnaded façade, featuring a sculpture of St Peter. The congregation moved to a larger building in the 1860s and it thence became Leamington Youth Mission. Perhaps the Misses Bull and their father as a physician and surgeon, were involved in work at the mission? Could the close proximity of the poverty and destitution they witnessed among the young there have influenced their involvement with Votes for Women as a vehicle for social change?  Contributor: Tara Morton. Research funded by Warwick University.</text>
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                    <text>Source: Church League for Women's Suffrage, April 1912, p. 22.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The Church Militant, February 1918, p. 16.</text>
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              <text>Mrs Edith Kate Catlin lived in Church Hill with her husband George Catlin and their son 14-year-old George. Edith’s husband was an ordained minister in the Church of England &#13;
&#13;
Edith was honorary secretary of the Leamington branch of the Church League for Women’s Suffrage and may also have belonged to the  Warwick and Leamington branch of the NUWSS. She believed in peaceful methods of campaigning for the vote. She attended a great number of suffrage meetings including one at Winter Hall, now Leamington Public Library, in November 1911. Earlier that year in June, she had also joined several other local men and women travelling down to London to take part in the Women’s Coronation Procession. The procession was organised to rival the official Coronation procession of George V from which women were excluded. Approximately 40,000 women from around 30 women’s suffrage societies participated, and the procession was seven miles long.&#13;
&#13;
In spring 1912, Edith left Leamington behind and with it her work for the local suffrage societies. In recognition of her enthusiasm and hard work for the women's suffrage cause, she was awarded a despatch box, fountain pen and card case as a parting gift from the Warwick and Leamington branch. Edith exclaimed her surprise at the award expressing her wish that she could have done more.&#13;
&#13;
Edith’s husband George does not appear to have accompanied her to local suffrage meetings, and her public support for women’s suffrage may have put a strain on their marriage. George was 16 years her senior and some in the Anglican church would have frowned upon the clergyman’s ‘radical’ younger wife. Edith was also quite vocal about women's role within the church being recognised (see image below). The state of the marriage was such that by 1915, Edith left her husband and son to work in a charity settlement in the East End of London. She died two years later of uraemia after a failed operation. Her obituary (below) testifies to her hard work and to how well she was liked within the Leamington community.&#13;
&#13;
Edith’s son George was just 22 years old when his mother died, but feminist causes continued to play a huge part in his life. George would go on to marry writer, feminist and pacifist Vera Britten whose autobiography of her traumatic experiences as a nurse in the First World War Testament of Youth, became a best seller. The couple had two children together, one a daughter.&#13;
&#13;
Edith would never meet her granddaughter, but she is Shirley Williams, a pioneering female politician and academic who was a founder member of the Social Democratic Party in 1981 and who amongst many other achievements, represented the Liberal Democrats in the House of Lords until her retirement in 2016. A political legacy her grandmother Edith would have surely been proud. Contributor/researcher: Tara Morton. Research funded by Warwick University.</text>
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                    <text>By 1919 Margaret had moved to Arlington Street, Leamington. Source: Royal Leamington Spa Courier &amp; Warwickshire Standard, October 3rd, 1919, p. 5.</text>
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              <text>Margaret was born in France in 1880 and by 1911 was living at 12 the Parade, Leamington, lodging with the Graves family who owned a furrier and costumier business. Margaret sat on the subcommittee of the Leamington Conservative and Unionist Women’s Franchise Association (CUWFA). Later in 1912, she also appears as the Honorary Secretary of Leamington’s Church League for Women’s Suffrage (CLWS) so may have been a simultaneous member of both law-abiding groups. Along with other members of the CUWFA, she eschewed suffragette militancy in the local press.&#13;
&#13;
Margaret rather stands out as a teacher of Swedish Gymnastics in Leamington. This must have been a fairly popular pastime as press reports indicate Margaret was still actively teaching in 1919 (see Image below). Preliminary research via the local press indicates that by the 1920s, Margaret was at the forefront of local women’s politics and likely remained so throughout her life. This included her role as honorary secretary of the local branch of the National Council of Women of Great Britain and Ireland, formed to "promote sympathy of thought and purpose among the women of Great Britain and Ireland" and had its roots in the National Union of Women Workers. Margaret's later political life is currently being investigated. Researcher: Tara Morton. Research funded by Warwick University.</text>
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&#13;
In June 1911, she was among the women and men that travelled down to take part in the Women’s Coronation Procession in London. The procession was organised by suffrage societies to rival the official Coronation procession of George V from which women were excluded. Approximately 40,000 women from around 30 women’s suffrage societies participated, and the procession was seven miles long. &#13;
&#13;
Politics played a large part in Ada’s family life. Her father Samuel Wackrill was Leamington’s first Mayor appointed in 1875/6. He was responsible for the town becoming a borough in 1875 and was hugely influential in the town for over forty years. He was given the Freedom of the Borough in 1899 and has a blue plaque on his former residence at 28 Portland Street. &#13;
&#13;
Samuel had arrived in Leamington in 1861 and set up a very successful drapers business which he left to Ada and her siblings upon his death in 1907. Four years later in 1911, we find Ada living in Archery Road with her sister Alice Maria and brother Walter Thomas. Researcher: Tara Morton. Research funded by Warwick University. For more on Samuel Thomas Wackrill, see, Robin Taylor, http://www.leamingtonhistory.co.uk/samuel-thomas-wackrill-1828-1907-first-mayor-of-leamington/ </text>
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              <text>Mary Vellacott was Honorary Secretary of the Leamington and Warwick branch of the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS). She boarded with her mother Jane in rooms at Langton House, Leamington. However, when the census was taken on the 2nd of April 1911, Mary was absent from Langton House, visiting friends in Kent. Mary described herself on the census as living on ‘private means’ though she described herself elsewhere, as a writer.&#13;
&#13;
Mary was committed to peaceful methods of campaigning for the vote, using traditional means such as petitions and lobbying politicians. She did not agree with the militant tactics used by members of the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) led by Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst. &#13;
&#13;
It seems likely that Mary became involved with suffrage politics following her experiences in the municipal elections in 1909. Some forty years earlier, women had been granted the right to vote in local elections, so long as they met residential criteria. The local press reported in September 1909, that Miss Vellacott had cast her vote in the elections, but had it queried (along with several men) by the election agents for Liberal and Conservative council members. They tried to have her vote invalidated because she did not meet residential qualifications. Mary countered, pointing out that she had lived at Langton House for nine years, had her own gas meter and paid extra to the Landlord for sole use of a sitting room. Mary won this battle for the vote. The agents challenge was dismissed and her vote allowed to stand.&#13;
&#13;
Thereafter she threw herself into working for the suffrage cause. She attended numerous conferences and demonstrations across the Midlands as well as in Manchester and London. She also addressed meetings and wrote regularly to the local press. &#13;
&#13;
In March 1911, as Honorary Secretary of the local branch, Mary addressed the Annual Meeting of the NUWSS at Leamington, where she remarked happily upon the four Women’s Suffrage Societies that now had branches in Leamington, and how well the Leamington and Warwick branch of the NUWSS was represented within the Midland Federation Committee.&#13;
&#13;
In June 1911, Mary travelled down to London to take part in the Women’s Coronation Procession. The procession was organised by suffrage societies to rival the official Coronation procession of George V from which women were excluded. Approximately 40,000 women from around 30 women’s suffrage societies participated, and the procession was seven miles long.&#13;
&#13;
Mary was also present at a meeting in Leamington’s ‘Winter Hall’ (now Leamington Public Library) in November 1911 when the Leamington and Warwick branch of the NUWSS joined forces with other suffrage societies including the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) to lobby MP Ernest Pollock in support of the second Conciliation bill. &#13;
&#13;
Thanks to Leamington History Society researchers. For more on Mary Vellacott, see, Margaret Rushton: http://www.leamingtonhistory.co.uk/mary-louise-vellacott-suffragist/</text>
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                    <text>Source: Evening Dispatch, Friday 7th June, 1940, p. 3.</text>
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