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                    <text>Florence Mander. Courtesy of Wightwick Manor Collections. Copyright National Trust.</text>
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                    <text>Florence Mander. Courtesy of Wightwick Manor Collections. Copyright National Trust.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The National Archives</text>
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                    <text>Geoffrey, Florence, Mavis, Mervyn &amp; Elizabeth. Courtesy of Wightwick Manor Collections. Copyright National Trust.</text>
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                    <text>Florence Mander watercolour by Elinor M.Barnard. Courtesy of Wightwick Manor Collections. Copyright National Trust.</text>
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                    <text>Florence Mander centre, daughter Elizabeth left, Nanny right, taken in the 1930s. Courtesy of Wightwick Manor Collections. Copyright National Trust.</text>
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              <text>(Rosalind) Florence Caverhill (1886- 1956), a Canadian, married Geoffrey Mander in Montreal in 1906, moved to his home of Wightwick Manor (now National Trust), Wolverhampton and made it a family home, having three children. In the 1911 census 24-year-old Florence, is listed as head of the household at Wightwick (Geoffrey is absent). The other occupants of the house are her two young children, Mavis and Mervyn, and staff, including Emma Smith, the housekeeper. Florence shared with her husband an interest in photography. A large photographic archive at Wightwick includes photos she took of her family, friends and the staff who worked at the manor. She was also active locally in speaking out for women’s right to vote. In the 1912-1913 annual report of the Wolverhampton branch of the NUWSS Florence Mander is listed as a member and the following year her husband, Geoffrey, also joined. Florence and Geoffrey also supported the 1913 NUWSS pilgrimage, led by Millicent Fawcett. The annual report describes how, when the travellers stopped in Wolverhampton, they were met by members of the local society. A great meeting was then held in the marketplace which was supported by the couple. Florence, as a member of the Wolverhampton Women’s Suffrage Society, hosted a drawing room meeting at Wightwick on either the 1st or 2nd December 1913, where Alicia Bewicke, Mrs Archibald Little, spoke on ‘Women of the East and West’ with Geoffrey Mander presiding. Alicia had lived in China and spoke about the differing and similar conditions of women in both Chinese and British society. She published a journal examining gender inequality in China and included the words of Chinese women who spoke out against foot binding. Alicia also argued for women’s suffrage in England. Florence also hosted political functions for the Liberal Party at Wightwick and became president of the Wolverhampton Women’s Liberal Association. In a speech given in 1913, she stressed to the association her desire for votes for women, regretting the abandonment of woman’s suffrage at the  last session of parliament. After the Representation of the People Act of 1918, which granted some women including Florence the vote, the Manders Monthly Messages pamphlets (which we believe were distributed to the work force and perhaps local community) feature Florence talking about how important it was that women exercise their vote, stating in 1921: ‘Now that women have the vote we play a very important part in politics, and it is essential that we should see that our Candidate understands and sympathises with the women’s point of view, which is equally important as the man’s.’ This is the only such quote we have discovered from Florence in the archive, as she and Geoffrey later divorced. Researched and contributed by Hannah Squire (Assistant Curator, National Public Programmes, National Trust).</text>
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                    <text>The Tillard sisters standing in front of the WFL tour van in Kent. Charlotte Despard is in the window on the left and Alison Neilans on the right. Alison had taken over as van organiser for Muriel Matters at this stage in the tour. Source: The Women's Library, LSE.</text>
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                    <text>Violet scrawls a votes for women message across her 1911 census return. Source: The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Violet (1874 - 1922) had a half sister Irene who was also involved with the suffrage movement. Violet was the eldest, born to the same father as Irene, name army officer George Tillard, but to his first wife, Louisa. Violet was a nurse and had trained at the Poplar and Great Ormond Street hospitals. She had already been involved in the suffrage movement at least a year before the WFL tour van arrived in her home town in 1908. Muriel Matters and Charlotte Despard were on board and their first stop on the Kent tour was Southborough, near Tunbridge Wells. Sisters Violet and Irene Tillard ran out to greet the van and then joined the tour. Violet and Muriel would remain lifelong friends, even boarding together in London in later years, and continued to campaign for women’s suffrage. Both were involved on 28 October 1908 in the large demonstration at the Palace of Westminster. Violet and Muriel together with Helen Fox and two male supporters went to the Houses of Parliament. Muriel and Helen chained themselves to a piece of ironwork known as ‘the grille’ in the Ladies’ Gallery that obscured their view of the parliamentary proceedings. Violet used string to attempt to lower a WFL proclamation ‘Women’s Freedom League demand votes for women’ to the floor of Parliament, while the two male supporters showered those in the House of Commons with WFL leaflets. All were removed from the House of Commons. Violet and Muriel then joined their comrades protesting outside and were later arrested trying to break the police lines. Both served a month in Holloway Prison. By 1911, Violet was boarding with Muriel Matters and Margaret Jewson in Lambeth. On her census Violet wrote: “No Vote No Census. Should women become persons in the eye of the law this session - full information will be forwarded.” The whereabouts of her half sister Irene is currently being investigated. She was not with her parents in Westwood, Southborough and may have been 'evading'. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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              <text>Bulimba, Lodge Gate/Kippington, Weald, Sevenoaks, Kent (now demolished)</text>
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              <text>Mary (1879 - 1950) was co-Honorary Secretary for Sevenoaks NUWSS. This information was published in The Common Cause, 4 July 1913 as part of promoting the NUWSS pilgrimage from Kent to London. Her co-Honorary Secretary was Marjorie Crombie-Hill (see her entry). Mary lived in a grand mansion: her father, William, had made his fortune from the wool trade in Australia. Bulimba was a large, grand, neo-Jacobean mansion built of ragstone in 22 acres next to St Mary’s Church in Kippington in 1890. Demolished in 1933, the land was sub-divided into 9 plots fronting Kippington Road and 11 fronting Oakhill Road. Mary is referenced in the newspaper reports of the Sevenoaks 1913 pilgrimage meetings alongside Australian actress and well-known women’s suffrage speaker, Muriel Matters. Muriel had been a founder member of the Women’s Freedom League (WFL), but in 1913 had left the WFL and joined the NUWSS. Mary is referenced in a local newspaper article where she, Marjorie Crombie-Hill and Mrs Percy Thompson, were congratulated for their arrangements for the arrival to Sevenoaks of the pilgrimage. In 1939, Mary still lived in Sevenoaks but at The Lodge, Bradbourne Road and her occupation was listed as ‘historical research work’. She never married.  She died in 1950. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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          <name>Age</name>
          <description>The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <description>The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
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        <name>NUWSS</name>
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                    <text>Vera Conway-Gordon. Source &amp; courtesy: Medway Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Vera leads the NUWSS pilgrimage through Rochester. Source &amp; courtesy: Medway Archives.</text>
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                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                    <text>Source: The National Archives.</text>
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      <description>A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project</description>
      <elementContainer>
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          <name>Occupation</name>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Age</name>
          <description>The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>36</text>
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          <name>Marital Status</name>
          <description>The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <name>Address</name>
          <description>The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <name>Suffrage Society</name>
          <description>The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2673">
              <text>NUWSS</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Census</name>
          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2674">
              <text>Complies</text>
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              <text>Vera (b. 1875) was Honorary Secretary for Rochester NUWSS.  This information was published in The Common Cause, 4 July 1913 as part of promoting the NUWSS pilgrimage from Kent to London. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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        <name>NUWSS</name>
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  <item itemId="278" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="468">
        <src>https://map.mappingwomenssuffrage.org.uk/files/original/2e82e097634422abfc63eb764f5ca308.jpg</src>
        <authentication>79fa5c78dbb53d7af93ac4a5eebcf245</authentication>
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              <element elementId="47">
                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="2667">
                    <text>Source: The National Archives.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Person (Campaigner)</name>
      <description>A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="34">
          <name>Occupation</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2660">
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Age</name>
          <description>The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2661">
              <text>25</text>
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          <name>Marital Status</name>
          <description>The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Address</name>
          <description>The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>8 Royal Crescent, Ramsgate, Kent</text>
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        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Suffrage Society</name>
          <description>The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2664">
              <text>NUWSS</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Census</name>
          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2665">
              <text>Complies</text>
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        <element elementId="35">
          <name>Biographical Text</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Margaret Eleanor Sale (b. 1886) was Honorary Secretary for Ramsgate NUWSS. This information was published in The Common Cause, 4 July 1913 as part of promoting the NUWSS pilgrimage from Kent to London. In 1913, Margaret was recorded as at 19 Royal Crescent rather than at 8 Royal Crescent her prior address as recorded on the 1911 census. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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        <name>NUWSS</name>
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  <item itemId="277" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://map.mappingwomenssuffrage.org.uk/files/original/f5b4488ebad164d554ab84606747545c.jpg</src>
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              <element elementId="47">
                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="2658">
                    <text>Source: The National Archives.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
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      <description>A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project</description>
      <elementContainer>
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          <name>Occupation</name>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Age</name>
          <description>The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <description>The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <name>Address</name>
          <description>The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Suffrage Society</name>
          <description>The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Census</name>
          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2656">
              <text>Complies</text>
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              <text>Mabel (b. 1876) was Honorary Secretary for Pembury, Matfield and Brenchley NUWSS. This information was published in The Common Cause, 4 July 1913 as part of promoting the NUWSS pilgrimage from Kent to London. She was from Wranby in Lincolnshire and was a Governess at the school in The Grange, Matfield, Brenchley, Kent. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Mabel Symonds</text>
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  <item itemId="276" public="1" featured="0">
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              <element elementId="47">
                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="2766">
                    <text>Beatrice &amp; Harry with daughter Muriel, circa 1897. Source: provided by Laura Probert courtesy of Beatrice's grand daughter, Diana Spence.</text>
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        <src>https://map.mappingwomenssuffrage.org.uk/files/original/777d644b85d89a0c794ce816157d2faf.jpg</src>
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              <element elementId="47">
                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                    <text>Beatrice's daughter Muriel being 'forced' by her mother to parade up and down Weymouth seafront to advertise an NUWSS meeting circa 1911. Source: provided by Laura Probert courtesy of Beatrice's grand daughter Diana Spence.</text>
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            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="47">
                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="2768">
                    <text>Source: courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Beatrice Ethel Chapman (b. 1864) was born Oetzmann, and was descended from a German family. She married Harry Chapman when she was 32 years old in 1895. Harry was manager of a watermill in Hertfordshire but Beatrice felt that the damp river valley was an unhealthy place to bring up her two daughters so spent long periods living by the sea in Margate. She was a strong character and rather eccentric, who was fiercely argumentative about the “superiority of women”. While in Margate she threw herself wholeheartedly into the work of the local suffrage society. She was Honorary Secretary for the Margate NUWSS. This information was published in The Common Cause, 4 July 1913 as part of promoting the NUWSS pilgrimage from Kent to London.  Beatrice was recorded in the 1911 census, but her husband is not listed as he remained in Hertfordshire. Her two daughters, Beatrice Muriel, 14, and Florence Furnival, 10, are both recorded as scholars. Throughout 1913, and up until the outbreak of war in 1914, Beatrice, in her capacity as Honorary Secretary of the Margate branch of the NUWSS, wrote almost weekly to the local papers on matters concerning women’s issues and the suffrage campaign. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey. Since appearing on the map, Beatrice's story has been added to with thanks to local Kent historian Laura Probert who also provided images courtesy of Beatrice Chapman's grand daughter Diana Spence.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The National Archives</text>
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          <description>The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <description>The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>72 St Dunstans, Canterbury, Kent</text>
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          <description>The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>Violet Amy Wacher (b. 1883) was Honorary Secretary for Canterbury NUWSS Society. This was published in The Common Cause, 4 July 1913, as part of promoting the NUWSS pilgrimage from Kent to London. Violet was married to physician surgeon, Harold Wacher, and is described on the 1911 census as housewife. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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                <text>Violet Wacher</text>
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              <element elementId="47">
                <name>Rights</name>
                <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                    <text>Caroline 'resists' identifying as 'Nurse Suffragist' under occupation on the 1911 census form. Source: The National Archives.</text>
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      <description>A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project</description>
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              <text>Nurse</text>
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          <name>Age</name>
          <description>The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>64</text>
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          <name>Marital Status</name>
          <description>The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>Single</text>
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          <name>Address</name>
          <description>The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>The Wildernesse, Pembury Road, Tunbridge Wells, Kent</text>
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          <name>Suffrage Society</name>
          <description>The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>NUWSS</text>
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          <name>Census</name>
          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>Complies</text>
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              <text>Caroline (b. 1847) had been with the Le Lacheur family as a nurse for at least 30 years. No other information about her interest or involvement in the suffrage movement is known. On the 1911 census for occupation she had included ‘Nurse Suffragist’ using the occupation column 'inappropriately' to indicate her support for the movement although in all other aspects she complied. For more information see, Jennifer Godfrey, Suffragettes of Kent, (Pen &amp; Sword Ltd, 2019). Researched &amp; contributed by Jennifer Godfrey.</text>
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                <text>Caroline Marchant</text>
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